The Analysis of Advantages and Disadvantages of Third Sector in Bangladesh Using ASA as Example or Case Study
Sefat Ara Nadira,
Md. Enamul Haque,
Tarique Al Kadir,
Zhi Zhang
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, December 2017
Pages:
47-55
Received:
5 November 2017
Accepted:
16 November 2017
Published:
20 December 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jppa.20170102.11
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Abstract: A country or a society is divide into three sectors, these are: public or state, private or market and nonprofit or third sector. This paper will look at Non–governmental organizations (NGOs) as legally constituted organizations created by natural or legal people that operate independently from any form of government. In this sense, Association for Social Advancement (ASA) as an NGO will be use as a case study. ASA operate as a Micro Finance in Bangladesh helping to elevate poverty and improve living standard of the people. The paper will also look at ASAs mission or their purpose driven including their financial services, saving program, impact of ASA in Bangladesh some challenges they face including problems identified and then outline some recommendation and conclusion for ASA.
Abstract: A country or a society is divide into three sectors, these are: public or state, private or market and nonprofit or third sector. This paper will look at Non–governmental organizations (NGOs) as legally constituted organizations created by natural or legal people that operate independently from any form of government. In this sense, Association for...
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Attitude of Voters Towards Elections in Morogoro Municipality: A Reflection on 2015 General Election in Tanzania
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, December 2017
Pages:
56-64
Received:
30 September 2017
Accepted:
3 November 2017
Published:
22 December 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jppa.20170102.12
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Abstract: This paper examines the attitudes of voters towards elections in Tanzania following an observed trend of having a great proportion of registered voters who did not vote in the General Elections in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 respectively. The study out of which this paper is based on aimed at assessing the voters’ attitudes towards election and their perception on the importance of participating in election in Morogoro municipality, an electoral constituent which recorded voters turn out of 34.6% below the national turnout of 42.8% in 2010 General Election. A cross- sectional study design and multistage sampling techniques were employed; data were collected using a questionnaire through Computer Aided Personal Interviewing [CAPI] platform from proportionate number of male and female respondents from four randomly selected wards from Morogoro urban in Morogoro region. A total of 14 Likert scale statements were used to assess the attitudes of voters towards elections. Cross tabulation was employed to associate attitudes with other variables. Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] computer software was used for data processing and analysis. The findings reveal that the minimum and maximum Total Attitudinal Scores were 39.0 and 56.0 respectively with mean at 44.2 and Std. Deviation of 4.01. The study findings show that the overall respondents’ attitude towards elections was negative, with 60% of the respondents scoring less than 44.2 points out of 70, whereas 40% had positive attitude whereby they scored 44.2 points and above. The results show that 73% of the respondents perceived participating in election was important. It is recommended that initiatives should be taken to cultivate positive attitudes of citizens to motivate them to turn out to vote.
Abstract: This paper examines the attitudes of voters towards elections in Tanzania following an observed trend of having a great proportion of registered voters who did not vote in the General Elections in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 respectively. The study out of which this paper is based on aimed at assessing the voters’ attitudes towards election and...
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An Empirical Analysis of the Degree of Independence and Transparency of Central Bank of Rwanda
Harerimana Jean de Dieu,
Uwacu Florent
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, December 2017
Pages:
65-69
Received:
7 October 2017
Accepted:
2 November 2017
Published:
22 December 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jppa.20170102.13
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Abstract: The aim of this paper is, thus, to evaluate the degree of independence and transparency of the Central Bank of Rwanda. The econometric time series using ARDL model estimated the counterfactual effect of the side effect of the policy from the period of 1980 to 2015. Macroeconomic variables were used to predict each outcome from past inflation, openness, GDP per capita, and various measures of the strength of institutions as explanatory variables. The results showed that inflation and interest rate remained inconclusive to have a long run relationship while the participatory labor rate has a long run relationship with trade openness. In conclusion, the empirical analysis fails to explain the fluctuation in the interest rate or keeping the inflation under control may not mean the low level of independence or transparency from Central Bank of Rwanda.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is, thus, to evaluate the degree of independence and transparency of the Central Bank of Rwanda. The econometric time series using ARDL model estimated the counterfactual effect of the side effect of the policy from the period of 1980 to 2015. Macroeconomic variables were used to predict each outcome from past inflation, openn...
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